The Effectiveness of Community-Based HIV Prevention Programs for Female Sex Workers at PKBI Sumbar
Keywords:
HIV/AIDS, female sex workers, prevention, community, health behavior.Abstract
Introduction: HIV/AIDS remains a critical public health issue, particularly among high-risk populations such as female sex workers (FSWs). Social stigma, limited access to healthcare services, and low awareness of condom use are key factors increasing the risk of HIV infection in this group. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based HIV prevention program at PKBI Sumbar.
Research Methods: This study employed a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative surveys involving 1,466 FSWs and qualitative in-depth interviews with healthcare workers, community volunteers, and FSWs. Data analysis was conducted using Chi-Square and Paired t-Test to measure behavioral changes before and after program intervention.
Results and Discussion: The results indicate that participation in this program is associated with an increase in the frequency of HIV testing and more consistent condom use. The program also helped address social barriers through education and community support. However, challenges remain, such as pressure from clients to forgo condom use and limited access to contraceptive tools.
Conclusion: In conclusion, community-based programs have proven effective in raising awareness and promoting HIV prevention behaviors among FSWs. Moving forward, strengthening policies and ensuring sustainable support, including funding from the Global Fund, are essential to expanding the program's reach.
References
Bekker, L. G., Alleyne, G., Baral, S., Cepeda, J., Daskalakis, D., Dowdy, D., … & Beyrer, C. (2018). Advancing global health and strengthening the HIV response in the era of the Sustainable Development Goals: The International AIDS Society-Lancet Commission. The Lancet, 392(10144), 312–358.
Bekker, L. G., Alleyne, G., Baral, S., Cepeda, J., Daskalakis, D., Dowdy, D., ... & Beyrer, C. (2019). Advancing global health and strengthening HIV prevention through community engagement. The Lancet, 393(10185), 1331-1340.
Beyrer, C., Baral, S. D., Collins, C., Richardson, E. T., Sullivan, P. S., Sanchez, J., … & Mayer, K. H. (2021). The global response to HIV in men who have sex with men. The Lancet, 397(10275), 1987–1998.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Laporan perkembangan HIV/AIDS dan PIMS di Indonesia tahun 2023. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. https://siha.kemkes.go.id
Kerrigan, D., Kennedy, C. E., Morgan-Thomas, R., Reza-Paul, S., Mwangi, P., Win, K. T., … & Butler, J. (2015). A community empowerment approach to the HIV response among sex workers: Effectiveness, challenges, and considerations for implementation and scale-up. The Lancet, 385(9963), 172–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60973-9
Logie, C. H., Wang, Y., Lacombe-Duncan, A., Jones, N., Ahmed, U., Levermore, K., & Neilands, T. B. (2020). COVID-19 and health disparities: Associations between race/ethnicity, discrimination, social and economic stressors, and mental health among sexual minority men and transgender women living with HIV. AIDS and Behavior, 24(6), 1693-1704.
Logie, C. H., Wang, Y., Lacombe-Duncan, A., Wagner, A. C., Kaida, A., Conway, T., … & Hogg, R. S. (2020). Paths to healthcare engagement among people living with HIV in British Columbia, Canada: A qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 20, 1001.
Perkumpulan Keluarga Berencana Indonesia (PKBI) Sumatera Barat. (2024). Laporan tahun program pencegahan HIV/AIDS berbasis komunitas tahun 2024. PKBI Sumatera Barat.
Pettifor, A., Lippman, S. A., Selin, A., Peacock, D., & Gottert, A. (2018). Community-based HIV prevention interventions. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 77(3), 1-9.
Shannon, K., Crago, A. L., Baral, S. D., Bekker, L. G., Kerrigan, D., Decker, M. R., … & Beyrer, C. (2018). The global response and unmet actions for HIV and sex workers. The Lancet, 392(10148), 698–710.
Sweat, M. D., Denison, J. A., Kennedy, C., Tedrow, V., & O'Reilly, K. (2011). Effects of condom social marketing on condom use in developing countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 89(8), 613–620.
UNAIDS. (2020). Global HIV & AIDS statistics-2020 fact sheet. Retrieved from www.unaids.org
UNAIDS. (2022). Global HIV & AIDS statistics-Fact sheet. UNAIDS. https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet.
Wirtz, A. L., Poteat, T., Malik, M., & Glass, N. (2020). The global burden of HIV among transgender populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 15(6).
